A Midsummer Night's Dream | Folger Shakespeare Library (2024)

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A Midsummer Night's Dream | Folger Shakespeare Library (1)

Introduction to the play

In A Midsummer Night’s Dream, Shakespeare stages the workings of love. Theseus and Hippolyta, about to marry, are figures from mythology. In the woods outside Theseus’s Athens, two young men and two young women sort themselves out into couples—but not before they form first one love triangle, and then another.

Also in the woods, the king and queen of fairyland, Oberon and Titania, battle over custody of an orphan boy; Oberon uses magic to make Titania fall in love with a weaver named Bottom, whose head is temporarily transformed into that of a donkey by a hobgoblin or “puck,” Robin Goodfellow. Finally, Bottom and his companions ineptly stage the tragedy of “Pyramus and Thisbe.”

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Ill met by moonlight, proud Titania.

Oberon
Act 2, scene 1, line 62

I’ll put a girdle round about the Earth
In forty minutes.

Robin
Act 2, scene 1, lines 181–182

From the audio edition of A Midsummer Night’s Dream

Full recording available fromSimon & Schuster Audioon CD and for download.

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Essays and resources from The Folger Shakespeare

A Midsummer Night’s Dream

Learn more about the play, its language, and its history from the experts behind our edition.

About Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream
An introduction to the plot, themes, and characters in the play

Quotes from A Midsummer Night’s Dream

Reading Shakespeare’s Language
A guide for understanding Shakespeare’s words, sentences, and wordplay

Shakespeare and his world

Learn more about Shakespeare, his theater, and his plays from the experts behind our editions.

Shakespeare’s Life
An essay about Shakespeare and the time in which he lived

Shakespeare’s Theater
An essay about what theaters were like during Shakespeare’s career

The Publication of Shakespeare’s Plays
An essay about how Shakespeare’s plays were published

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Teaching A Midsummer Night’s Dream

Use the Folger Method to teach A Midsummer Night’s Dream. Become a Teacher Member to get exclusive access to lesson plans and professional development.

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The Key to Getting ALL Students Understanding and Interpreting Complex Texts

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The Key to Getting ALL Students Understanding and Interpreting Complex Texts

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A Midsummer Night’s Dream in 3 Ways: Through Scholarship, On Stage, and In Your Classroom

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Choral Reading: A Midsummer Night’s Dream 2.1

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Choral Reading with Images from A Midsummer Night’s Dream 3.1

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Choral Reading with Images from A Midsummer Night’s Dream 3.1

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Creating a Promptbook: A Midsummer Night’s Dream 3.2

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Two-Line Scenes: A Midsummer Night’s Dream

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Pre-reading: Tossing Words and Lines from A Midsummer Night’s Dream

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Cutting the Opening Scene of A Midsummer Night’s Dream

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Cutting the Opening Scene of A Midsummer Night’s Dream

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Early printed texts

A Midsummer Night’s Dream was first printed in 1600 as a quarto (Q1). In 1619, a new quarto of the play was published (Q2) based on Q1 but with some additional stage directions and some small corretions to the text. That text, in turn, was the basis for the 1623 First Folio (F1) with, again, some minor changes, including the substitution of Egeus for Philostrate in the final scene of the play. Most modern editions, like the Folger editions, are based on the Q1 text. See more primary sources related to A Midsummer Night’s Dream on Shakespeare Documented

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A Midsummer Night's Dream | Folger Shakespeare Library (2024)

FAQs

What was Shakespeare's message in A Midsummer Night's Dream? ›

Shakespeare explores the lighter side of love in A Midsummer Night's Dream. Love makes us behave in strange ways – the lovers fight in a most uncivilised way in the woods. It can bring out the best and bravest qualities in a character – Hermia risks her life for love.

Why is Act 1 Scene 2 funny in A Midsummer Night's Dream? ›

The contrast between the serious nature of the play and the bumbling foolishness of the craftsmen makes the endeavor all the more ridiculous. Further, the actors' botched telling of the youthful love between Pyramus and Thisbe implicitly mocks the melodramatic love tangle of Hermia, Helena, Demetrius, and Lysander.

What is the main point of a midsummer night's dream? ›

Love in its many forms is the most important theme in A Midsummer Night's Dream. The romantic encounters and subsequent confusions are the greatest cause of conflict in the play.

What is the moral of the story of the Midsummer Night's Dream? ›

Moral of the Midsummer Night's Dream's Story

One thing learned from A Midsummer Night's Dream is that loving someone should be based on their personality rather than their appearance. You will have a lot of arguments if you do not do this.

Who does Titania fall in love with? ›

Oberon, who is quarreling with his wife, Titania, uses the flower juice on her eyes. She falls in love with Bottom, who now, thanks to Robin Goodfellow, wears an ass's head.As the lovers sleep, Robin Goodfellow restores Lysander's love for Hermia, so that now each young woman is matched with the man she loves.

Who does Hermia love? ›

Hermia is a young woman in Athens and Egeus' daughter. She is in love with Lysander but unfortunately Egeus wants her to marry Demetrius. Egeus invokes an ancient law that states he can choose his daughter's husband or she will be put to death.

What did Puck do to the Bottom? ›

Puck uses magic to turn Bottom's head into a Donkey head, while he is rehearsing in the forest. Titania sees Bottom when she wakes up and she falls in love with him.

What mistake does Puck make? ›

Puck is supposed to smear the juice of the flower on Demetrius' eyes to make Demetrius fall in love with Helena, thus resolving the issue. He makes a mistake, however, and ends up making Lysander fall in love with Helena. He tries to rectify his mistake but ends up making Demetrius fall in love with Helena as well.

Why is Oberon angry with his queen? ›

Oberon is angry with Titania because she has a changeling child and refuses to give the child to him. Oberon wants the child as a henchman. Additionally, both Oberon and Titania accuse each other of infidelity.

Why is it called a midsummer night's dream? ›

The title of Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream has both literary and social significance. The title tells the audience right away that the play is going to deal in some way with a sort of dream on a summer night. To dream, a person must be asleep; however, most of the characters are awake throughout the play.

What does the flower symbolize in A Midsummer Night's Dream? ›

In William Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream, flowers play an important role in the plot. While the main attraction is the flower that is used as a love potion, the flower also represents femininity and leisure.

What is the biggest role in A Midsummer Night's Dream? ›

Puck, or Robin Goodfellow, is a magical, mischievous sprite and Oberon's attendant. Puck is often considered to be the most important character in the play.

What are the three main themes of a midsummer night dream? ›

Themes
  • Love's Difficulty. “The course of true love never did run smooth,” comments Lysander, articulating one of A Midsummer Night's Dream's most important themes—that of the difficulty of love (I.i.134). ...
  • Dreams. ...
  • Jealousy. ...
  • Mischief. ...
  • Transformation. ...
  • Unreason. ...
  • Reversal.

What are the three main storylines in A Midsummer Night's dream? ›

Instead, the point of view alternates between three storylines: the Mechanicals preparing to put on a play, the fairies making mischief, and the lovers quarrelling, with Theseus and Hippolyta returning at the end.

How does A Midsummer Night's dream have a happy ending? ›

In the forest, fairies enchant Demetrius so he falls back in love with Helena. At the end of the play, Theseus marries Hippolyta; Hermia marries Lysander; Helena marries Demetrius; and Oberon and Titania reconcile with one another. The marriages at the end of the play symbolize the fact that harmony has been restored.

What was Shakespeare's purpose for writing A Midsummer Night's dream? ›

A Midsummer Night's Dream is thought to have been written to celebrate the wedding of Elizabeth Carey, the daughter of an English nobleman. The bride's grandfather was Lord Hunsdon, the Lord Chamberlain, patron of Shakespeare's theatre company.

What was Shakespeare's message? ›

Shakespeare's themes

Things like life, love, death and betrayal. He might write about them in slightly funny language and in the context of an England that existed 400 years ago, but they're topics that we can still relate to today. One of the best-known speeches in the world begins 'To be or not to be.

What does a midsummer night's dream teach us about love? ›

Love is the most prominent topic shown throughout the play, and one theme is that love can be fickle, while another is that true love can endure external obstacles. The play's multiple relationships, characterized by different types of love, are outlined below.

What is A Midsummer Night's dream one of the best example of Shakespeare's? ›

Answer: A Midsummer Night's Dream" is indeed considered one of the prime examples of Shakespeare's comedy of errors for several reasons: Complex Interactions: The play involves multiple interwoven plots and characters whose actions frequently result in misunderstandings and confusion, leading to comedic situations.

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